Accounting for Almond Crop Water Use under Different Irrigation Regimes with a Two-Source Energy Balance Model and Copernicus-Based Inputs

Accounting for water use in agricultural fields is of vital importance the future prospects enhancing efficiency. Remote sensing techniques, based on modelling surface energy fluxes, such as two-source balance (TSEB), were used to estimate actual evapotranspiration (ETa) basis shortwave and thermal data. The lack high temporal spatial resolution satellite infrared (TIR) missions has led new approaches obtain higher images with a revisit time. These take advantage Sentinel-2 (10–20 m), time Sentinel-3 (daily). TSEB model sharpened temperature (TSEBS2+S3) recently been applied validated several study sites. However, none these studies it heterogeneous row crops under different status conditions within same orchard. This assessed TSEBS2+S3 approach account almond crop four irrigation regimes over consecutive growing seasons (2017–2020). fluxes an eddy covariance system also compared soil model. former reported errors 90 W/m2 87 sensible (H) latent heat flux (LE), respectively. comparison ETa showed root-mean-square deviation (RMSD) ranging from 0.6 2.5 mm/day. Differences cumulative between treatments estimated, maximum differences obtained 2019 20% 13% less most water-limited treatment well-watered one. Therefore, this demonstrates feasibility using monitoring trees regimes.